A The teacher indicates to the learner that an utterance has been misunderstood.
B The teacher points to the nature of the error by commenting on or providing information about the well-formedness of a student’s utterance.
C The teacher repeats a student’s utterance using correct forms but without drawing attention to the error.
D Explicit provision of the correct form.
E Teacher’s repetition, in isolation, of the student’s erroneous utterance. Usually the teacher highlights the error using intonation.