A Engage, in which teachers engage students to learn new contents based on their previous knowledge;Study, in which students are exposed to different multimodal texts;Activate, in which learners analyze and use new language items; andTransformation, in which learners create new texts using the target language items studied in the previous components.
B Lead in, in which teachers lead the students to the new language items;Reading, in which learners read a text in order to understand its meaning;LanguageInstruction, in which teachers explain new lexical and/or grammatical items; andCritical Literacy, in which students reread the text, but now from a critical perspective for following discussion.
C Situatedinstruction, in which teachers introduces new language items present in a text to students so they can understand it;Critical Reading, in which learners read a text in order to understand its meaning from a critical perspective;Group Discussion, in which learners discuss their ideas about the text based on critical thinking; andFunctional Grammar Analysis, in which students analyze the language in the text based on the principles of Functional Grammar.
D SituatedPractice, in which learners experience resources related to their lifeworlds;Overt Instruction, in which learners build meanings and are introduced to explicit metalanguages;Critical Framing, in which learners interpret social and cultural contexts from a critical perspective; andTransformed Practice, in which learners can transfer and redesign their practices to other contexts and cultural sites.
E Reading for gist, in which students read a text to understand its general ideas;Critical Reading Comprehension, in which students reread the text, but now from a from a critical perspective;Vocabulary and Grammar Exploration, in which learners, in groups, explore vocabulary and grammatical items that are new to them in the text; andFinal Production; in which students produce another text based on the main ideas from the original text and use the language learnt.