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Texto da Questão:
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Environmental and economic impacts of crude oil and
natural gas production in developing countries
Environmental impacts that occur during the production
of crude oil would mostly occur from long-term habitat change
within the oil and gas field, production activities (including
facility component maintenance or replacement), waste
management (e.g. produced water), noise (e.g. from well
operations, compressor or pump stations, flare stack, vehicle and
equipment), the presence of workers and potential spills.
The adverse environmental impacts which could happen
during production of crude oil and natural gas include:
disturbance of wildlife due to noise and human activity; exposure
of biota to contaminants; and mortality of biota resulting from
collisions against aboveground facilities or with vehicles.
The presence of production wells, ancillary facilities and
access road reduces habitat quality, disturbs the biota and thus
affects ecological resources. Discharge of produced water
inappropriately onto soil or into surface water bodies can result in
salinity levels becoming too high to sustain plant growth.
Wildlife is always prone to have contact with
petroleum-based products and other contaminants in reserve pits
and water management facilities. Animals could become
entrapped in the oil and drown, or they could ingest toxic
quantities of oil, or succumb to cold stress if the oil damages the
insulation provided by their feathers or fur.
Internet: <www.core.ac.uk> (adapted).
Based on the text, judge the following items.
The second period of the third paragraph could be correctly
rewritten, without change in meaning, as: Disposal of
produced water inappropriately onto soil or into surface
water bodes can cause salinity levels to become so high that
plant growth is no longer sustainable.
